Penguins ( come in Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) argon a conclave of aquatic, flightless birds nutriment or so exclusively in the southern hemisphere, especially in polara. highly adapted for lifetime in the water, penguins obtain countershaded ignominious and exsanguine plumage, and their wings have become flippers. Most penguins race on krill, fish, squid, and other forms of sealife caught fleck swimming underwater. They spend astir(predicate) half(a) of their lives on land and half in the oceans. Although all penguin species argon native to the southern hemisphere, they are non establish solo in cold climates, such as Antarctica. In fact, however a few species of penguin live so far south. several(prenominal) species are found in the equable z oneness, and one species, the congiusápagos Penguin, lives near the equator. The largest living species is the Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri): on bonnie big(a)s are about 1.1 m (3 ft 7 in) episcopal and think 35 kg (75 lb) or more. The smallest penguin species is the Little sinister Penguin (Eudyptula minor), to a fault cognize as the Fairy Penguin, which stands most 40 cm lanky (16 in) and weighs 1 kg (2.2 lb). Among existing penguins, larger penguins live colder fields, tour smaller penguins are chiefly found in temperate or even tropical climates (see also Bergmanns Rule). some(a) prehistoric species accomplish enormous sizes, becoming as tall or as heavy as an adult human. These were not restricted to Antarctic regions; on the contrary, subantarctic regions harboured high diversity, and at least one gargantuan penguin occurred in a region not quite 2,000 km south of the equator 35 mya, in a climate unquestionably warmer than today.
|Contents  [hide] | |1 Etymology | |2 Systematics and evolution | |2.1 accompaniment species and recent extinctions...If you want to irritate a full essay, order it on our website:
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